NIOS Class 12 Question Paper Biology 314 with Solution Exam 2024

NIOS Class 12 Question Paper with Solution April 2024 Pdf

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BIOLOGY

(Theory)

(314)

Time: 3 Hours] [ Maximum Marks: 80

Note: All questions are compulsory and carry marks as indicated against each question.

Note : (i) This Question Paper consists of 43 questions.

(ii) All questions are compulsory. Write your answers in Answer-Book.

(iii) Marks are given against each question.

Section–A consists of Question Nos. 1 to 16—Multiple-choice type questions (MCQs) carrying 1 mark each. Select and write the most appropriate option out of the four options given in each of these questions.

Internal choices have been provided in some of these questions. You have to attempt only one of the given choices in such questions.

Section–B consists of Question Nos. 17 to 28—Objective-type questions carring 2 marks (with 2 sub-parts of 1 mark each). Attempt these questions as per the instructions given for each of the questions.

Section–C consists of Question Nos. 29 to 37—Very short answer-type questions carrying 2 marks each to be answered in the range of 30 to 50 words. Internal choices have been provided in some of these questions.

You have to attempt only one of the given choices in such questions.

Section–D consists of Question Nos. 38 to 41—Short answer-type questions carrying 3 marks each to be answered in the range of 50 to 80 words. Internal choices have been provided in some of these questions.

You have to attempt only one of the given choices in such questions.

Section–E consists of Question Nos. 42 and 43—Long answer-type questions carrying 5 marks each to be answered in the range of 80 to 120 words. Internal choices have been provided in some of these questions.

You have to attempt only one of the given choices in such questions.

(1) Answers of all questions are to be given in the Answer-Book given to you.

(2) 15 minutes time has been allotted to read this question paper. The question paper will be distributed at 2:15 p.m. From 2:15 p.m. to 2:30 p.m., the students will read the question paper only and will not write any answer on the Answer-Book during this period.

SECTION–A

Note: Question Nos. 1 to 16 consist of multiple-choice type questions (MCQs) carrying 1 mark each.

Name of the technique used for detecting genetic disorders in a foetus is

(A) amniocentesis (B) ultrasound

Ans. (A) Amniocentesis – It is a technique used to detect genetic disorders in a fetus.

Which of the following makes up the final trophic level in a food chain? 1

(A) Parasite (B) Producer

Ans. (D) Carnivore – Carnivores make up the final trophic level in a food chain as top predators.

Or

What does the following sequence represent?

Blue-green algae ® Crustose lichens ® Foliose lichens

Dicotyledonous trees ¬ Shrubs ¬ Mosses

(A) Genetic drift (B) Ecological succession

Ans. (B) Ecological succession – The given sequence represents primary succession, where lichens, mosses, and shrubs gradually establish on barren land.

The largest lymphoid organ in the human body is

(A) bone marrow (B) thymus

Ans. (D) Spleen – The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ in the human body.

Or

The condition caused due to oversecretion of thyroxine is

(A) goitre (B) hyperthyroidism

Ans. (B) Hyperthyroidism – Oversecretion of thyroxine causes hyperthyroidism, leading to weight loss and increased metabolism.

Cephalothorax is a characteristic feature present in the phylum

(A) Echinodermata (B) Mollusca

Ans. (C) Arthropoda – Cephalothorax (fusion of head and thorax) is a characteristic feature of arthropods like spiders and crabs.

Or

Heart is three-chambered in reptiles. But a partially divided ventricle (i.e., four-chambered heart) is present in

(A) salamander (B) frog

Ans. (D) Crocodile – Unlike other reptiles, crocodiles have a partially divided four-chambered heart, providing better oxygenation.

When both male and female flowers are present on the same plant, the plant is said to be

(A) unisexual (B) monoecious

Ans. (B) Monoecious – A plant is monoecious when both male and female flowers are present on the same plant (e.g., maize).

Excessive intake of iron in diet causes

(A) scurvy (B) hypervitaminosis

Ans. (D) Hemosiderosis – Excessive iron intake leads to hemosiderosis, causing iron overload in body tissues.

A broad-spectrum antibiotic, used against pathogenic bacteria, is

(A) penicillin (B) paracetamol

Ans. (D) Streptomycin – It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used against various pathogenic bacteria.

A cross between the F1 progeny and the homozygous recessive parent is known as

(A) test cross (B) dihybrid cross

Ans. (A) Test cross – A test cross involves crossing an F₁ progeny with a homozygous recessive parent to determine genotype.

Or

The phenotypic ratio, in case of incomplete dominance in Mirabilis jalapa, is

(A) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 (B) 3 : 1

Ans. (D) 1 : 2 : 1 – In incomplete dominance (e.g., Mirabilis jalapa), the phenotypic ratio of F₂ generation is 1 (red) : 2 (pink) : 1 (white).

Pick the odd one out. 1

(A) UGA (B) AUG

Ans. Odd one out: (B) AUG – AUG is the start codon, whereas UGA, UAG, and UAA are stop codons.

Or

Pick the mRNA codon which will pair with the anticodon UCA of tRNA.

(A) GAU (B) AGU

Ans. (B) AGU – The mRNA codon that pairs with the anticodon UCA on tRNA is AGU (codon-anticodon pairing follows base pairing rules).

Which of the following bacteria helps to set milk into yoghurt? 1

(A) Mycobacterium (B) Lactobacillus

Ans. (B) Lactobacillus – Lactobacillus helps in converting milk into yogurt by fermentation.

Or

Which of the following is not a product of fermentation?

(A) Bread (B) Acetic acid

Ans. (D) Ligase – Ligase is an enzyme used in DNA replication, not a product of fermentation.

The special protein present in the root nodules of legume which helps in nitrogen fixation is

(A) leghaemoglobin (B) nitrogenase

Ans. (A) Leghaemoglobin – This oxygen-binding protein is found in legume root nodules and aids in nitrogen fixation.

NIOS Class 12 Question Paper Biology 314 with Solution Exam 2024

Which of the following is an example of an oviparous mammal? 1

(A) Kangaroo (B) Duck-billed platypus

Ans. (B) Duck-billed platypus – It is an oviparous mammal that lays eggs.

Or

Endoparasitic flatworm found in the human intestine of an infected person is

(A) millipede (B) ascaris

Ans. (C) Tapeworm – A parasitic flatworm found in the human intestine.

Which of the following is a contractile protein? 1

(A) Keratin (B) Collagen

Ans. (D) Myosin – Myosin is a contractile protein involved in muscle contraction.

In plants, the initial acceptor of Cis

(A) Ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)

(B) Phosphoenolpyruvic acid (PEP)

(D) Phosphoglyceric acid (PGA) 1

Ans. (B) Phosphoenolpyruvic acid (PEP) – In C₄ plants, the initial CO₂ acceptor is PEP, forming oxaloacetic acid (OAA).

The disease for which bio-engineered vaccine has already been developed is

(A) smallpox (B) tetanus

Ans. (C) Hepatitis B – A bio-engineered vaccine has been developed for Hepatitis B using recombinant DNA technology.

The edible part of the coconut is

(A) fleshy thalamus (B) mesocarp

Ans. (D) Endosperm – The edible part of coconut (both tender coconut water and the white flesh) is the endosperm.

Or

The example of hypanthodium is

(A) Tulsi (B) Peepal

Ans. (B) Peepal – Hypanthodium is a type of inflorescence found in the Peepal (Ficus religiosa) tree.

SECTION–B

Note : Question Nos. 17 to 28 are objective-type questions carrying 2 marks each.

Fill in the blanks (attempt any two from A to D) : 2

The flowchart given below is a diagrammatic representation of trophic levels in a A in an ecosystem :

Fourth trophic level D Third trophic level (Carnivore) Second trophic level C First trophic level B

Ans. A: Food chain
B: Producers (Plants/Autotrophs)
C: Primary consumers (Herbivores)
D: Top carnivore (Apex predator)

The trophic levels are

First trophic level → B: Producers (Plants/Autotrophs)
Second trophic level → C: Primary consumers (Herbivores)
Third trophic level → Carnivore (Secondary consumers)
Fourth trophic level → D: Top carnivore (Tertiary consumers/Apex predator)

Complete the flowchart with the basic components of the nervous system (attempt any two from A to D): 2

Ans. · A: Central Nervous System (CNS)

B: Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
C: Brain
D: Spinal Cord

Thus, the hierarchy of the nervous system is:

Nervous System
- A: Central Nervous System (CNS)
  - C: Brain
  - D: Spinal Cord
- B: Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Choose the odd one in each of the following : 2

(a) Ovary ® Fallopian tube ® Ureter ® Vagina

(b) Graafian follicle ® Leydig cells ® Corpus luteum

Ans. (a) Ureter – The ovary, fallopian tube, and vagina are part of the female reproductive system, while the ureter is part of the excretory system.

(b) Leydig cells – Graafian follicle and corpus luteum are structures related to the female reproductive system, while Leydig cells are found in the male testes and are responsible for testosterone production.

Draw the diagram as given below in your answer-book and label the parts marked A and B in the following diagram : 2

Ans. It looks like you need to label the parts marked A and B in the given diagram. To assist you better, can you confirm what the diagram represents? It appears to be a biological structure, possibly related to an embryo or reproductive system. If you can describe the topic, I can help with accurate labeling.

Match the items in Column–I with the suitable items in Column–II: 2

Column–I Column–II

(a) Brush bordered epithelium (i) Lining of air sacs in lungs

(b) Squamous epithelium (ii) Lining of trachea

(iii) Lining of stomach

(iv) Lining of intestine

Ans.

Fill in the blanks (attempt any two from A to D): 2

A and B are two adaptations to promote cross-pollination in flowers; while C and D are two devices to ensure self-pollination.

Ans. Fill in the blanks:

A – Dichogamy
B – Herkogamy
C – Cleistogamy
D – Bud pollination

Match the items in Column–I with the suitable items in Column–II: 2

Column–I Column–II

(a) Stilt root (i) Turnip

(b) Fusiform root (ii) Banyan

(iii) Sugarcane

(iv) Radish

Ans. Match the items in Column–I with Column–II:

Many organisms with separate sexes have a pair of specific type of chromosomes called sex chromosomes. In humans, A are responsible for homogametic female, and B are responsible for heterogametic male. In birds, it is C for females and D for male chromosomes. (Attempt any two from the above blanks A to D). 2

Ans. Fill in the blanks:

A – XX
B – XY
C – ZW
D – ZZ

Fill in the blanks with suitable words (attempt any two from A to D) : 2

The secretion of milk from the mammary glands is called A . The first secretion that comes from the mammary glands of the mother is called B . The synthesis of milk from the mammary glands is stimulated by the hormone C which is secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Another hormone D is secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland, which stimulates the release of milk from the mammary glands.

Ans. Fill in the blanks:

A – Lactation
B – Colostrum
C – Prolactin
D – Oxytocin

In the Column–I of the following table, recipient blood groups are given. For safe transfusion, fill in the boxes of Column–II with the correct donor in each case (attempt any two from (a) to (d) ): 2

Column I

( Those who can safely receive blood of donor )

Column II

( Donor )

(i) B; AB

(ii) AB; A

(iii) AB

(iv) O; A; B; AB

(a)_______

(b)_______

(c)_______

(d)_______

Ans. Column I (Recipient) → Column II (Donor):
(a) B; AB → B, O
(b) AB; A → A, O
(c) AB → A, B, AB, O (Universal recipient)
(d) O; A; B; AB → O (Universal donor)

Given below are the interactions between two species. Identify the two wrong statements for interactions from the following : 2

(a) Both the species cannot survive without the other is called mutualism.

(b) Penicillium secretes antibiotics which inhibit the growth of bacteria. This interaction is known as predation.

(c) When one species is benefitted and the other is harmed, is known as parasitism.

(d) One species is benefitted and the other is unharmed or neutral. This interaction is known as commensalism.

Ans. (b) Penicillium secretes antibiotics which inhibit the growth of bacteria. This interaction is known as predation.
🔹 Incorrect because this is an example of amensalism, not predation.

(a) Both the species cannot survive without the other is called mutualism.
🔹 Partially incorrect because mutualism can be obligate (essential for survival) or facultative (not essential but beneficial). The statement does not specify this, making it misleading.

Identify the type of inflorescence of the diagram given below: 2

A _____ B _____

Ans. The given diagrams represent two different types of inflorescence:

A: Cymose Inflorescence – The main axis ends in a flower, and flowers develop in a definite order (basipetal or centrifugal).

B: Racemose Inflorescence – The main axis continues to grow, and flowers are arranged in an acropetal (younger flowers at the tip) or centripetal manner.

SECTION–C

Note: Question Nos. 29 to 37 are very short answer-type questions carrying 2 marks each.

Write the main functions of B-cells and T-cells in the immune system. 2

Ans. Functions of B-cells and T-cells in the immune system:

B-cells: Produce antibodies and mediate humoral immunity by recognizing pathogens.
T-cells: Help in cell-mediated immunity, destroy infected cells, and activate other immune cells.

Or

Differentiate actively acquired immunity from passively acquired immunity.

Ans. Difference between actively and passively acquired immunity:

Active immunity: Developed after infection or vaccination; long-lasting.
Passive immunity: Temporary immunity gained through antibodies from another source (e.g., mother’s milk, antibody injection).

Name the two diseases caused by the deficiency of protein or carbohydrate or both in the diet of a child. Also list any two characteristic symptoms of any one deficiency disease. 2

Ans. Protein and carbohydrate deficiency diseases:

Kwashiorkor (protein deficiency)
Marasmus (protein + carbohydrate deficiency)

Symptoms of Kwashiorkor:

Swollen belly (edema)
Hair discoloration and thinning

What are meristems? Write the location of the following meristems in the plant : 2

(a) Apical meristem

(b) Lateral meristem

Ans. Meristems and their locations:

Meristems: Actively dividing cells responsible for plant growth.
- Apical meristem: At the tips of roots and shoots, promoting length growth.
- Lateral meristem: Found in vascular and cork cambium, responsible for thickness growth.

Or

What are the main functions of the muscular tissue? Where are the following muscles located?

(a) Striated muscles

(b) Unstriated muscles

Ans.

Functions of muscular tissue:

Enables movement, supports posture, and regulates body functions.

Locations of muscles:
(a) Striated muscles: Found in skeletal muscles (e.g., limbs).
(b) Unstriated muscles: Found in internal organs (e.g., intestines, blood vessels).

Draw a diagrammatic structure of an antibody, and label the specific antigen-binding site. 2

Ans. Diagram of an Antibody:

An antibody consists of four polypeptide chains (two heavy and two light chains) forming a Y-shaped structure. The antigen-binding site is located at the tips of the Y, where the variable regions of the light and heavy chains interact with antigens.

Write any four functions of proteins in our body. 2

Ans. Four Functions of Proteins in Our Body: NIOS Class 12 Question Paper Biology 314 with Solution Exam 2024

Structural Support: Proteins like collagen provide strength to skin, bones, and connective tissues.
Enzyme Activity: Enzymes (e.g., amylase, pepsin) speed up biochemical reactions.
Transport: Hemoglobin carries oxygen in the blood.
Immune Defense: Antibodies fight against infections.

Or

What are vitamins? Vitamins are grouped into two classes. Name them and give one example of each.

Ans. Definition of Vitamins & Their Classification:

Vitamins: Organic compounds essential for body functions in small amounts.
Types of Vitamins:
1. Fat-soluble vitamins (stored in fat tissues) – Example: Vitamin A
2. Water-soluble vitamins (dissolve in water, not stored) – Example: Vitamin C

(a) What types of roots are found in plants growing in marshy areas?

Ans. (a) Plants growing in marshy areas have pneumatophores (breathing roots). These specialized roots grow upward from the soil to help in gaseous exchange in waterlogged conditions.

(b) Write the name of the tissue present in the aerial roots of epiphytes, which help in the absorption of moisture from the atmosphere. 2

Ans. (b) The tissue present in the aerial roots of epiphytes that helps in moisture absorption is velamen tissue.

Or

How will you distinguish between the vascular bundles of a dicot root and a dicot stem?

Ans.

Differences Between Vascular Bundles of Dicot Root and Dicot Stem:

Draw a neat and labelled diagram of a mushroom. 2

Ans. · Pileus (Cap) – The upper umbrella-like structure

Gills – Present under the pileus, where spores are produced
Stipe (Stalk) – The supporting stem-like structure
Mycelium – Root-like structures that absorb nutrients

With the help of a suitable example, explain the alternation of generations in bryophytes. 2

Ans. Alternation of Generations in Bryophytes:
Bryophytes (e.g., mosses) show alternation of generations, where they alternate between two phases:

Gametophyte (Haploid, n) – Dominant phase that produces gametes (sperm and egg) through mitosis.
Sporophyte (Diploid, 2n) – Develops from the zygote and produces spores through meiosis, which grow into new gametophytes.

Example: Funaria (a moss) shows this alternation, with the green leafy plant as the gametophyte and the capsule-bearing structure as the sporophyte.

Define the following terms: 2

(a) Population

(b) Adaptation

Ans. Definitions:

(a) Population: A group of individuals of the same species living in a particular area at a given time, capable of interbreeding.

(b) Adaptation: A structural, physiological, or behavioral characteristic that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment (e.g., thick fur in polar bears for cold resistance).

SECTION–D

Note: Question Nos. 38 to 41 are short answer-type questions carrying 3 marks each.

With the help of diagrams, briefly explain the following types of placentations found in the angiosperms. Give one suitable example in each case: 3

(a) Marginal

(b) Axile

(c) Parietal

Ans. Placentation refers to the arrangement of ovules inside the ovary. The three main types are:

(a) Marginal Placentation NIOS Class 12 Question Paper Biology 314 with Solution Exam 2024

Ovules are arranged along one margin of the ovary.
Found in pea (Pisum sativum).

(b) Axile Placentation

Ovules are attached to a central column inside the ovary.
Found in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).

(c) Parietal Placentation

Ovules develop along the ovary walls.
Found in mustard (Brassica).

Or

With the help of diagrams, briefly explain the three types of cymose inflorescence, with one suitable example in each case.

Ans. Three Types of Cymose Inflorescence

Cymose inflorescence is determinate, meaning the main axis stops growing after producing flowers.

(a) Uniparous (Monochasial) Cyme

One lateral branch develops after the terminal flower.
Example: Solanum (potato plant).

(b) Biparous (Dichasial) Cyme

Two lateral branches grow from the main axis.
Example: Jasmine (Nyctanthes).

(c) Multiparous (Polychasial) Cyme

More than two lateral branches arise.
Example: Calotropis (Ak).

What do you understand by the term ‘double fertilization’? Briefly explain the process and the end products formed. 3

Ans. Definition:
Double fertilization is a unique process in angiosperms, where two male gametes fertilize two different cells in the embryo sac.

Process:

One sperm fuses with the egg cell → Forms a zygote (2n) → Develops into the embryo.
The second sperm fuses with two polar nuclei → Forms a triploid (3n) endosperm → Provides nourishment to the embryo.

End Products:

Zygote (2n) → Develops into an embryo.
Endosperm (3n) → Provides food storage.

A cross was made between a tall pea plant with red flowers (TTRR) and a dwarf pea plant with white flowers (ttrr). Work out the cross up to F2 generation. Write the phenotypic ratio of F2 generation. 3

Ans. NIOS Class 12 Question Paper Biology 314 with Solution Exam 2024

Parental Cross:

TTRR (Tall, Red) × ttrr (Dwarf, White)

F1 Generation (Hybrid Offspring):

Genotype: TtRr
Phenotype: Tall, Red (dominant traits)

F2 Generation (Self-cross of F1 – TtRr × TtRr):

Using the dihybrid cross, the phenotypic ratio follows Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment:

Phenotypic Ratio of F2 Generation:
9 : 3 : 3 : 1 →

9 Tall, Red
3 Tall, White
3 Dwarf, Red
1 Dwarf, White

Ans.

(a) Write the differences between blood and lymph.

(b) With the help of flowchart, only show the route of blood flow and lymph flow in the human body. 3

Ans. (a). Differences Between Blood and Lymph

Or

(a) Write the names of any two immunodeficiency disorders and give the cause of the disease.

Ans. (a) Two Immunodeficiency Disorders and Their Causes

AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)
- Cause: HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) attacks CD4+ T cells.

SCID (Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease)
- Cause: Genetic mutations affecting T and B lymphocytes.

(b) Name the two major types of lymphocytes. State where they develop and mature.

Ans. (b) Two Major Types of Lymphocytes, Their Development and Maturation

B-Lymphocytes (B-cells)
- Develop in bone marrow
- Mature in bone marrow
T-Lymphocytes (T-cells)
- Develop in bone marrow
- Mature in thymus

SECTION–E

Note : Question Nos. 42 and 43 are long answer-type questions carrying 5 marks each.

(a) Draw a neat diagram of a double-helical structure of DNA and label the main components.

(b) Distinguish between nucleoside and nucleotide. 5

Ans. (a) Diagram of Double-Helical Structure of DNA

Here is a simplified representation of the DNA double helix, labeling its main components:

Sugar-phosphate backbone
Nitrogenous bases (Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine)
Hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs

(b) Differences Between Nucleoside and Nucleotide

OR

(a) Fertilization, ovulation and implantation are the technical terms used to describe the reproductive events in a human female.

(i) Place them in correct sequence.

(ii) Define each of them.

(b) Describe the surgical methods of birth control in human males and females.

Ans.

(a) Reproductive Events in Human Females

(i) Correct Sequence:

Ovulation → 2. Fertilization → 3. Implantation

(ii) Definitions:

Ovulation – The release of a mature ovum (egg) from the ovary into the fallopian tube, usually around the 14th day of the menstrual cycle.
Fertilization – The fusion of the male sperm with the female ovum in the fallopian tube, leading to the formation of a zygote.
Implantation – The process where the fertilized zygote (now called a blastocyst) attaches itself to the lining of the uterus for further development.

(b) Surgical Methods of Birth Control

Vasectomy (Male Sterilization):

- A surgical procedure in which the vas deferens (sperm-carrying tubes) are cut and sealed to prevent sperm from mixing with semen.
- It is a permanent method and does not affect testosterone production.

Tubectomy (Female Sterilization):

- A surgical method where the fallopian tubes are cut and tied to prevent eggs from reaching the uterus.
- This blocks fertilization and is considered a permanent contraceptive method.

(a) Mention the end products of the light reaction in photosynthesis.

(b) Draw the diagrammatic representation of the Calvin cycle.

(c) What is photorespiration? 5

Ans. (a) End Products of the Light Reaction in Photosynthesis

The light reaction (occurring in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts) produces:

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) – Energy currency for the dark reaction.
NADPH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate) – Reducing power for the Calvin cycle.
O₂ (Oxygen) – Released as a byproduct from the photolysis of water.

(b) Diagrammatic Representation of the Calvin Cycle

(c) What is Photorespiration?

Photorespiration is a wasteful process in plants that occurs when the enzyme RuBisCO binds to oxygen (O₂) instead of carbon dioxide (CO₂) due to high oxygen concentration and low CO₂ levels.

This leads to:

The breakdown of phosphoglycolate (a 2-carbon compound) instead of producing useful glucose.
ATP and NADPH consumption without sugar formation.
Loss of fixed carbon as CO₂.

It mainly occurs in C₃ plants under hot, dry conditions when stomata close to reduce water loss.

Or

(a) What is a reflex action?

(b) Write one suitable example of each of the following :

(i) Simple reflex action

(ii) Conditioned reflex action

(c) With the help of a neat and labelled diagram, show the nerve pathways involved in a simple reflex action.

Ans. (a) What is a Reflex Action?

A reflex action is an automatic, involuntary, and rapid response to a stimulus that occurs without conscious thought. It is controlled by the spinal cord and brainstem, allowing the body to react quickly to potential dangers or stimuli.

(b) Examples of Reflex Actions:

(i) Simple Reflex Action:
A simple reflex action is an inborn, automatic response to a stimulus.

Example: Pulling your hand away from a hot object.

(ii) Conditioned Reflex Action:
A conditioned reflex action is learned through experience and repetition.

Example: Salivating at the smell of food.

(c) Diagram of the Nerve Pathway in a Simple Reflex Action

The diagram should include:

Stimulus (hot object, sharp pin, etc.)
Receptor (skin or sensory organ)
Sensory neuron (carries signal to spinal cord)
Interneuron (in spinal cord, processes signal)
Motor neuron (carries response signal to muscle)
Effector (muscle contracts to withdraw hand)

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NIOS Class 12 Question Paper Biology 314 with Solution Exam 2024

NIOS Class 12 Question Paper with Solution April 2024 Pdf

BIOLOGY

(Theory)

(314)

(iii) Marks are given against each question.

Section–B consists of Question Nos. 17 to 28—Objective-type questions carring 2 marks (with 2 sub-parts of 1 mark each). Attempt these questions as per the instructions given for each of the questions.

You have to attempt only one of the given choices in such questions.

You have to attempt only one of the given choices in such questions.

(1) Answers of all questions are to be given in the Answer-Book given to you.

(2) 15 minutes time has been allotted to read this question paper. The question paper will be distributed at 2:15 p.m. From 2:15 p.m. to 2:30 p.m., the students will read the question paper only and will not write any answer on the Answer-Book during this period.

SECTION–A

Or

The largest lymphoid organ in the human body is

Or

Or

Excessive intake of iron in diet causes

A cross between the F1 progeny and the homozygous recessive parent is known as

Or

Or

Or

Or

In plants, the initial acceptor of Cis

The disease for which bio-engineered vaccine has already been developed is

Or

SECTION–B

The trophic levels are

Complete the flowchart with the basic components of the nervous system (attempt any two from A to D): 2

Choose the odd one in each of the following : 2

Draw the diagram as given below in your answer-book and label the parts marked A and B in the following diagram : 2

Match the items in Column–I with the suitable items in Column–II: 2

Ans.

Match the items in Column–I with the suitable items in Column–II: 2

D – ZZ

Fill in the blanks with suitable words (attempt any two from A to D) : 2

In the Column–I of the following table, recipient blood groups are given. For safe transfusion, fill in the boxes of Column–II with the correct donor in each case (attempt any two from (a) to (d) ): 2

Given below are the interactions between two species. Identify the two wrong statements for interactions from the following : 2

Ans. (b) Penicillium secretes antibiotics which inhibit the growth of bacteria. This interaction is known as predation. 🔹 Incorrect because this is an example of amensalism, not predation.

Identify the type of inflorescence of the diagram given below: 2

SECTION–C

Or

Name the two diseases caused by the deficiency of protein or carbohydrate or both in the diet of a child. Also list any two characteristic symptoms of any one deficiency disease. 2

What are meristems? Write the location of the following meristems in the plant : 2

Or

Ans.

Draw a diagrammatic structure of an antibody, and label the specific antigen-binding site. 2

Write any four functions of proteins in our body. 2

Or

(a) What types of roots are found in plants growing in marshy areas?

Or

Ans.

Draw a neat and labelled diagram of a mushroom. 2

With the help of a suitable example, explain the alternation of generations in bryophytes. 2

Define the following terms: 2

SECTION–D

(a) Marginal Placentation NIOS Class 12 Question Paper Biology 314 with Solution Exam 2024

(b) Axile Placentation

(c) Parietal Placentation

Or

Ans. Three Types of Cymose Inflorescence

(a) Uniparous (Monochasial) Cyme

(b) Biparous (Dichasial) Cyme

(c) Multiparous (Polychasial) Cyme

What do you understand by the term ‘double fertilization’? Briefly explain the process and the end products formed. 3

End Products:

Ans. NIOS Class 12 Question Paper Biology 314 with Solution Exam 2024

Parental Cross:

F1 Generation (Hybrid Offspring):

F2 Generation (Self-cross of F1 – TtRr × TtRr):

Ans.

Or

Ans. (a) Two Immunodeficiency Disorders and Their Causes

(b) Name the two major types of lymphocytes. State where they develop and mature.

Ans. (b) Two Major Types of Lymphocytes, Their Development and Maturation

SECTION–E

OR

Ans.

(i) Correct Sequence:

(ii) Definitions:

(b) Surgical Methods of Birth Control

Ans. (b) Penicillium secretes antibiotics which inhibit the growth of bacteria. This interaction is known as predation.
🔹 Incorrect because this is an example of amensalism, not predation.